African Journal of Academic Publishing in Science and Technology

A Comprehensive Review of Solar Energy Technologies: From Photovoltaics to Concentrated Solar Power

Taha Muftah Abu Ali — 2025-01-18

The global shift towards sustainable energy systems necessitates effective utilization of renewable energy sources, with solar energy being a pivotal component. This comprehensive review examines two primary solar energy technologies: photovoltaics (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP). PV technology, which directly converts sunlight into electricity using semiconductor materials, has advanced significantly, particularly with silicon-based cells achieving high efficiencies and cost reductions. Emerging materials such as perovskites promise further efficiency improvements. CSP technology, which concentrates sunlight to generate heat and subsequently electricity, excels in integrating thermal energy storage, providing dispatchable power. Despite higher initial costs and geographical limitations, CSP systems are advancing through innovations in high-temperature working fluids and storage solutions. This paper provides a detailed comparison of PV and CSP technologies, highlighting their respective strengths, challenges, and future directions. The analysis underscores the importance of both technologies in creating a diversified and sustainable energy portfolio, crucial for addressing global energy challenges and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Exploring the Future of Transportation in Arabic Region: Modeling a Hybrid-Electric Vehicle in MATLAB Simulink

Abdulgader Alsharif — 2025-01-20

In a world where sustainability and efficiency are paramount, integrating Hybrid-Electric Vehicles (HEVs) into the transportation landscape represents a significant leap forward. This paper delves into the process of modeling a Hybrid-Electric Vehicle in MATLAB Simulink, a powerful platform for simulating and analyzing dynamic systems. By leveraging Simulink's capabilities, engineers and researchers can design and evaluate complex hybrid powertrains, control strategies, and energy management systems, contributing to the evolution of sustainable mobility solutions. As the automotive industry continues to embrace electrification, the development of HEV models in Simulink will play a pivotal role in advancing vehicle design and technology, ushering in a transformative era in transportation.

Performance comparison of different modulation formats for a 40 GHZ DWDM optical fiber communication system

Najway Duh Al-Hajji — 2025-01-22

One essential optical technology for multiplexing numerous different wavelengths toward a single optical cable is dense wavelength division multiplexing or DWDM. This article describes a dispersion compensating mechanism for a 32-channel DWDM system model. The optical link's pulse broadening effect is limited using the dispersion compensation approach. The 32-channel DWDM system employing DCF for NRZ Modulation Scheme at Different Bit Rate with Different Power Levels is investigated, evaluated, and simulated to solve the dispersion issue. Using an NRZ modulation technique and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) over a 40–160 km single-mode fiber transmission distance and an 8–32 km dispersion compensation fiber (DCF), the suggested model operates at 10–40 Gbps.

The State-of-the-Art of Electrification of Internet of Energy (IoE) for Electric Vehicles Considering Smart Grids

Abdulgader Alsharif — 2025-01-22

The electrification of the Internet of Energy (IoE) for Electric Vehicles (EVs), supported by smart grids, represents a transformative approach to addressing the challenges of integrating EVs into modern energy systems. As EV adoption accelerates globally, the strain on energy infrastructure and the need for sustainable energy solutions have become critical concerns. IoE, a digitalized and interconnected energy ecosystem, enables real-time communication, data exchange, and optimization of energy flows. When combined with smart grids, it facilitates advanced functionalities such as Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, dynamic pricing, and renewable energy integration. This integration not only enhances grid stability and efficiency but also transforms EVs into active participants in the energy network, capable of storing and supplying energy. Cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence, blockchain, and wireless charging are driving this evolution, offering benefits such as reduced carbon emissions, cost savings, and improved scalability. However, challenges such as infrastructure investment, interoperability, and data security must be addressed to fully realize the potential of this system. This article explores the state-of-the-art advancements, benefits, and future directions of IoE and smart grid integration for EVs, highlighting its pivotal role in shaping a sustainable and resilient energy future.

Environmental Projects and Their Impact on Sustainable Development in Libya

Abdulgader Alsharif — 2025-01-28

Sustainable development is a prominent issue in both developed and developing countries, influencing numerous elements. Environmental initiatives in Libya are essential for advancing sustainable development in the face of climate change, political instability, and economic limitations. These programs concentrate on ecological restoration, resource management improvement, and the implementation of renewable energy alternatives. These programs enhance environmental resilience and community well-being by tackling issues including desertification, water scarcity, and pollution. Incorporating local populations in project development and implementation guarantees that solutions are culturally relevant and economically sustainable. Moreover, successful environmental initiatives can generate economic prospects via eco-tourism and sustainable agriculture, promoting a more sustainable and resilient future for Libya. This study underscores the significance of ongoing investment in ecology and renewable sources.

The infrastructure of the Libyan electric grid & the opportunities and obstculs of utlizing solar and wind Energies

Salem A. Al-Hashmi — 2025-02-13

Renewable energy is the headline of almost all countries' development plans. Although there are many challenges facing the Libyan electric grid for utilizing renewable energies (solar & wind), such as lack of required legislation to manage the investment in the energy field and mismanagement in addition to several technical problems, there exist big and real chances. These changes include strong and long-hour sunlight, wide areas for installing solar plants in addition to the long coast for wind farms, and the good possibility of financing renewable projects. The main goal of this paper is to present and discuss the current infrastructure of the Libyan electric grid, particularly its weak and strong points and the most important chances and challenges of making use of renewable energies in Libya, especially solar and wind energies for securing the energy demand and energy security, saving money for sustainable development.