African Journal of Advanced Pure and Applied Sciences (AJAPAS)

Examination of the Mellitah Oil and Gas Complex's AISI 304 Stainless Steel Transmission Superheated Steam Pipeline: (Corrosion Failure)

Thu, 04 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Since petrochemical companies frequently employ 304 stainless steel pipes, this study was carried out on the same kind of pipe to examine the early failure of the high-pressure steam coil used in the fuel exhaust unit at Mellitah Industrial Complex. This failure manifested as vapor leaking through the spool's exterior surface fissures, which were evident. The hardness test, X-ray examination, microscopic inspection, visual inspection, and chemical analysis were the most crucial tests carried out to assess the metallurgical failure. The surface of the stainless-steel pipe had pitting erosion, as seen by the microscopic investigation photographs, the presence of this corrosion was confirmed after grinding and smoothing the surface of the sample There is a good explanation why the ingot got damaged. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) was discovered throughout the interior structure of the stainless-steel pipe, as shown by an X-ray inspection. The presence of the fractures was also visible in the microscopic photographs. By comparing the results of the chemical analysis as well as the hardness test obtained in this research with international specifications, it was found that they conform to them, and this refutes what was stated in the reports of the Mellitah oil and gas complex that the type of corrosion that occurs in the superheated steam transmission pipe is corrosion resulting from thermal fatigue.

استخدام بعض الأعشاب الطبية كبديل أو داعمًا للدواء الطبي (الكورتيزون) لدى مرضى داء الربو: دراسة استكشافية

هالة يوسف محمد, آمال محمد مادي, منال رمضان شعيب, أسماء محمد دنفور — Wed, 10 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

داء الربو هو مرض مزمن شائع يتميز بضيق الشعب الهوائية وصعوبة في التنفس. يعتبر العلاج بالكورتيزون الركيزة الأساسية في إدارة هذا المرض، ولكن قد يكون له بعض الآثار الجانبية. في السنوات الأخيرة، زاد الاهتمام باستخدام الأعشاب الطبية كبديل أو مكمل للعلاج الدوائي التقليدي لداء الربو.

تهدف هذه الدراسة الاستكشافية إلى تقييم استخدام بعض الأعشاب الطبية كبديل أو داعم للعلاج الدوائي بالكورتيزون لدى مرضى داء الربو.

وتتأتى أهمية الدراسة في أن فهم استخدام الأعشاب الطبية بين مرضى الربو سيساعد على تطوير برامج وتوجيهات إرشادية للاستخدام الآمن والفعال لها كعلاج مكمل أو بديل للعلاج الدوائي.

واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتوزيع 60 استبياناً على المرضى المترددين لقسم الأطفال في مركز سبها الطبي بمدينة سبها، والمرضى المترددين لقسم الأطفال بعيادة السارة الطبية بمدينة براك الشاطئ، أي بواقع 30 استبياناً لكل منهما. ولمعالجة البيانات تم استخدام الرزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية SPSS.

وخلصت النتائج إلى أن غالبية المرضى يستخدمون العلاج بموسعات الشعب الهوائية، ويأتي الكورتيزون والاوكسجين في المرتبة الثانية من حيث الاستخدام للعلاج، وأن نسبة كبيرة من المرضى يستخدمون العلاج بالأعشاب خاصة الزنجبيل والزعتر ويرون أنها ذات فعالية عالية في التخفيف من حدة النوبات، إلا أن القليل منهم قال بكفاية استخدامها لوحدها. وأظهر العلاج بمركبات الكورتيزون مضاعفات عديدة وخطيرة منه الإصابة بمرض السكري والانتفاخ والرعشة والتعب والعصبية وتأخر النمو، وكان هناك مستوى معرفة جيد بمخاطر مركبات الكورتيزون، كما أظهر التحليل الاحصائي وعياً عالياً بوقاية المريض من مهيجات الربو مثل عدم التدخين في حضور المريض والاهتمام بتهوية المنزل وتغيير أغطية الأسرة، وكان هناك حرص جيد على تناول الأدوية في مواعيدها، حيث أظهرت الدراسة أن الأطفال الأكبر سناً لديهم اهتماماً كبيراً بذلك.

Demand and Supply Risk: Sustainability Manufacturing Industries of Turkey Based on Artificial Intelligence

Nouri Ali, Iman Namroud, Mohsen Ibrahim — Sun, 14 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on improving the sustainability performance of supply chains in the manufacturing sectors of Turkey. The paper took a quantitative approach, with a sample size of 350 manufacturing entities. It combined both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Statistical tools were employed to analyse the data and identify patterns and linkages. The results highlighted the significant impact of AI in reducing supply chain risks, stressing its crucial role in managing demand. Moreover, the research emphasized that incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into company operations goes beyond only technological progress and instead becomes a crucial necessity for enhancing resilience and sustainability. The paper implies that firms can derive significant advantages by incorporating AI technology to effectively manage unpredictable demand, optimize inventories, and improve overall sustainability. Nevertheless, the study's focus on Turkey's manufacturing industries implies the necessity for more extensive research, including other sectors and areas. To summarize, AI has great potential to transform supply chain risk management, which might have a major impact on the future of manufacturing in Turkey and potentially worldwide.

Emergency Response and Disaster Management Leveraging Drones for Rapid Assessment and Relief Operations

Abdulsalam Eshtaiwi, Abdussalam Ali Ahmed — Sun, 14 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In the face of escalating natural disasters and humanitarian crises, the efficacy and efficiency of emergency response and disaster management have become paramount. Traditional methods of assessment and relief operations often face constraints such as time, resources, and accessibility, thereby hindering timely interventions. In recent years, the integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, has emerged as a promising solution to overcome these challenges. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the utilization of drones in emergency response and disaster management, focusing on their role in rapid assessment and relief operations. Through a review of existing literature, case studies, and technological advancements, the paper examines the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of drone deployment in disaster scenarios. It also discusses the ethical and regulatory considerations associated with drone usage and offers recommendations for optimizing their integration into emergency response frameworks. By highlighting the transformative potential of drones in enhancing situational awareness, expediting decision-making processes, and facilitating targeted relief efforts, this research underscores the critical importance of leveraging technological innovation to build resilient and adaptive disaster response systems.

Some Results Associated with Generalised Derivative Operator

Entisar El-Yagubi, Samira Ziada — Fri, 19 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The theory of operators is an important subject in analytic function theory, geometric function theory and univalent function theory. It also is an important subject in applied sciences. It is still an active field of research and various types of problems, which can be solved by generalising operators. Recently, many researchers have shown great interests in the study of differential operators in the theory of univalent functions and various subclasses of analytic functions defined in the open unit disc. In this paper a generalised derivative operator will be used to derive some results concerning the subordination and superordination of analytic function in the open unit disc.