African Journal of Advanced Pure and Applied Sciences (AJAPAS)

Does a behavioural bias affect personality traits and investors' sentiments? : Smart PLS Model

Adel K. Khalleefah, Ahmed E. Aljedek, Tarek M. Ghomeed — Thu, 03 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the influence of behavioral biases on personality traits and investors' sentiments, focusing on overconfidence, disposition effect, anchoring, representativeness, mental accounting, emotional bias, and herding biases. Data from 753 respondents across Gujarat's municipal corporation cities were analyzed using a Smart PLS model and structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings indicate that these biases significantly impact investors' sentiments, with some biases, like overconfidence and disposition effect, negatively affecting sentiments, while others, like mental accounting and emotional bias, have a positive impact. Additionally, personality traits such as extraversion and openness positively influence sentiments, whereas neuroticism has a negative effect. Limitations include the sample size and reliance on self-reported data, and the study's originality lies in its exploration of these relationships comprehensively. Practical implications suggest investors, advisors, and policymakers can benefit from understanding these dynamics to make more informed investment decisions and promote financial literacy. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of how biases and personality traits shape investors' sentiments, aiding in the development of strategies to mitigate irrational decision-making in financial markets.

The Effect of the Ionosphere on Ground-to-Satellite Communication Signals

Marai M. Abousetta, Ahdoud M. Issa — Sat, 05 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The ionosphere is a dynamic plasma layer in Earth’s upper atmosphere that significantly influences communication between ground stations and satellites. This study investigates the interaction of electromagnetic waves with ionospheric plasma, focusing on key parameters affecting plasma properties and signal propagation. Using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, simulations were conducted to analyze wave propagation, absorption, and dispersion through the ionosphere. Results indicate that Total Electron Content (TEC) decreases with increasing microwave frequency. Higher-frequency waves exhibit greater transmission coefficients, enabling penetration through the ionosphere, whereas lower-frequency signals experience significant attenuation—particularly in the D-layer during daylight hours. Effective collision frequency diminishes with altitude due to reduced atmospheric density, directly impacting signal reflection and absorption. TEC peaks at midday due to solar ionization and declines nocturnally, consistent with electron density fluctuations in the ionospheric layers. Analyses of group delay and frequency effects further reveal time-dependent signal propagation characteristics. These findings are critical for optimizing satellite communication, navigation systems, and remote sensing technologies reliant on microwave transmission through the ionosphere.

Assessment of internal parasite infection in horses from various farm types in the western area of Libya

Thu, 10 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The study was carried out in 2023 (from April to October) in the western area of Libya. Horses from individual and horse racing stables with varying housing, feeding, and field care methods (including Arabian and Thoroughbred horses) had their feces sampled. 450 horses were analyzed (380 mares, 15 geldings, and 55 stallions).

Among the 300 horses from individual farms, 143 (47.6%) had protozoan infections, and 111 (37%) had gastrointestinal parasite infections. Thirty-one (20.6%) and 29 (19.3%) of the 150 horses from racing farms had protozoan infections and gastrointestinal parasite infections, respectively.

Most horses from individual farms and racing farms were infected with the gastrointestinal parasite Moniezia spp. and the protozoan cryptosporidium parvum.

The total number of horses from individual farms free of infection from gastrointestinal parasites was 189 (63%), and horses free of infection from racing farms were 121 (80.6%). While free from protozoa in individual farms 157 (52.3%) and from racing farms 119 (79.3%).

In some horses, eggs of Trichostongyliode spp. Parascaris equorum, and tapeworm of Anoplocephala spp., were found in the individual, and racing farms.

The horses from both individual and racing farms were infected with other protozoa: Blantidum coli, Entamoeba coli, Eimeria spp.

Individual farms had a higher number of infected horses than the horse racing stable farms.