The Geographical Distribution of the Grain Milling and Feed Industry and its Localization Factors in the Tripoli Region (1953–2024)

Abstract

The grain milling and feed industry sector in the Tripoli region has witnessed a remarkable quantitative expansion, with the number of establishments increasing from a single facility in 1953 to 36 establishments by 2024. This expansion was not merely numerical growth; rather, it represented an inevitable strategic response aimed at enhancing food security and meeting the demands of rapid population growth in the capital and its surrounding areas. On the other hand, spatial analysis revealed that the geographical distribution of these establishments was characterized by randomness and dispersion, reflecting the absence of strict central planning policies during the early stages. Site selection decisions were primarily driven by investment opportunities and proximity to consumption centers, leading to their geographical spread in line with the urban expansion of the region.

The study further demonstrated that both geographical and human factors have jointly contributed to the localization and stability of this industry. Market size and population growth emerged as the principal driving forces, given Tripoli's status as the country's largest consumption center. The quality of the road network, along with connectivity to electricity and water systems, enhanced production and logistical efficiency. This favorable environment was complemented by the region's natural advantages, including its role as a maritime gateway for imported grains, as well as its flat and gently sloping topography, which facilitated the construction of large mills and silos. Moreover, the suitability of the climate and the availability of water resources have served as two fundamental pillars for sustaining production processes.